Important concepts to know from the body systems packets 1 and 2
HOMEOSTASIS: When your body maintains a stable environment inside the body, even when things on the outside of the body are changing.
Cells need NUTRIENTS and OXYGEN and they need to get rid of WASTES in order to survive.
Cells must do many jobs so they form groups of similar cells to help with the jobs in the body. These groups are called TISSUES.
In the body of complex organisms, the tissues cannot do all the jobs alone. Tissues word together to form and ORGAN.
An organ works together with otehr organs to perform a specific job, such as digestion. These organs working together are called ORGAN SYSTEMS.
CELLULAR RESPIRATION takes place in the MITOCHONDRIA. The ingredients for ENERGY are...
GLUCOSE + OXYGEN --> CARBON DIOXIDE + WATER
Alveoli = tiny air sacs of the lungs where oxygen and carbon dioxide are exchanged.
The role ENZYMES play in digestion = break NUTRIENTS into smaller particles the body can use. SPEED UP CHEMICAL REACTIONS
There are 10 major body systems and their functions are as follows:
| body system | function | explanation |
| Skeletal | protection | bones protect our organs (ribs protect heart and lung, vertebrae protect spine, skull protects brain) |
| storage | bones store minerals that help your nerves and muscles funtion properly | |
| movement | skeletal muscles pull on bones to produce movement | |
| blood cell formation | bone marrow is a special material that makes blood cells | |
| 3 types of muscles | function | |
| Muscular | skeletal muscle | attached to bones, enables bones to move |
| smooth muscle | found in digestive tract, moves food through digestive system | |
| cardiac muscle | found in heart, pumps blood around the body | |
| function | ||
| Integumentary (skin) | keeps water in your body and forein particles out | |
| lets you feel things around you | ||
| helps regulate your body temperature | ||
| helps get rid of waste (water-sweat) | ||
| Cardiovascular | helps maintain HOMEOSTASIS | |
| helps in regulation by carrying chemical signals (hormones) throughout the body | ||
| Lymphatic | a group of organs and tissues that collect the excess fluid and return in to your blood. Also helps fight pathogens | |
| Respiratory | Takes in oxygen and gets rid of carbon dioxide | |
| Digestive | digests food so it can be used by the body | |
| Urinary | Removes waste products from the blood | |
| Nervous | Gathers and interprets information from inside the body and from the world outside the body | |
| responds to the information as needed | ||
| Endocrine | regulates growth, development, and homeostasis | |